Milkfever
(Puerperal hypocalcemia/eclampsia)

Clinical signs develop during peak lactation -usually 1-3 weeks post-partum.  It generally occurs in small bitches who are nursing large litters, but it can happen at any time and in any breed of cat or dog.

Clinical signs
Panting, trembling, muscle fasiculations, weakness and ataxia.

Diagnosis
Based on a history and clinical signs but diagnosis can be confirmed by measuring serum calcium concentration. 
Usually treatment is started prior to lab confirmation.

Treatment

• Slow IV administration of 10% solution of calcium gluconate to effect.  Calcium is cardiotoxic, so animal's heart should be closely maintained for bradycardia while being injected.  Clinical signs usually resolve during IV Ca administration.
  
• Stop pups and kittens nursing for 24 hours.  Administer oral calcium 1-3 gms daily for length of lactation.
  
• Make sure the dam is fed a good quality diet.
  
• If hypocalcemia reoccurs then puppies should be weaned.

Prevention
Feed high quality, nutritious, balanced, complete diet.

Back